TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION

The technological evolution of the Automotive product, the explosion of electronics, and the resulting increase in software have led to the definition of new standards that determine the design paradigm.

The ISO 26262 standard for functional safety (FuSa) and ISO 21434 for cybersecurity are the new standards that regulate vehicle system design, extending their scope to include the necessary organizational structure.

These standards introduce the concepts of safety-by-design and security-by-design, highlighting that functional safety and cybersecurity must be considered from the early stages of product conception.

Intecs supports its clients in designing electronic components according to these standards, either by directly engaging in design or by providing experts for staff training and defining and implementing business processes.

VALIDATION

The Automotive offering is developed along two main directions:

• Validation of the software subsystem in adherence to industry standards (integration tests, functional tests, unit tests), using the most widely used toolchains among industry players.
• Design and create automatic test systems (ATE) based on COTS components and hardware designed and built by the hardware prototyping laboratory. The creation of ATE begins with defining the validation process and implementing it through the design and development of both the software platform and the hardware interface to the device under test. 

The Automotive SPICE 3.1 standard

 

Introduction and Regulatory References

Process evaluation is a disciplined assessment of an organizational unit’s processes against a process evaluation model. The Automotive SPICE (PAM) process evaluation model is intended for use during conformant assessments of process capability in the development of integrated automotive systems. It was developed in accordance with the ISO/IEC 33004 standard requirements.

Automotive SPICE has its own process reference model (PRM), developed based on the Automotive SPICE 4.5 process reference model. It has been further developed and customized to address the specific needs of the automotive industry.

The Course

A comprehensive two-day course that provides participants with all the main features of the standard, along with an overview of both effective and efficient implementation techniques.

Duration

The nominal duration of the course is 2 days, but it can be compressed into a 1-day course to meet the client’s needs.

Target Audience

Software engineers (development and verification), quality engineers, configuration managers, test engineers, and project managers.

Methods and Media

Classroom presentations with PowerPoint slides.

Course Structure

• Introduction and Regulatory References.

• History and background

• The standard

Overview of SPICE® 3.1 for the automotive sector:

• • Processes

  • Capability levels

  • Performance Attributes

Processes:

• • Base practices

The course lessons are supplemented with practical exercise sessions.

IEC 61508 Standard

The standard 

The IEC 61508-1:2010 standard covers aspects to consider when electrical/electronic/programmable electronic (E/E/PE) systems are used to perform safety functions. One of its main objectives is facilitating the development of international standards for product and application sectors by the responsible technical committees. This ensures that all relevant factors related to the product or application are fully considered, meeting the specific needs of users and the application sector. Another objective is to enable the development of E/E/PE safety systems where no international product or application sector standards exist.

The Course

A comprehensive course providing participants with all the key features of the standard, along with an overview of both effective and efficient implementation techniques.

Duration

The nominal duration of the course is 3 days.

Target Audience

Software engineers (development and verification), quality engineers, configuration managers, test engineers, project managers, and functional safety managers.

Methods and Media

Classroom presentations with PowerPoint slides.

Course Structure

• Functional safety concepts and introduction to IEC 61508

• IEC 61508 – Part 1 – Functional safety of safety-related electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems

• IEC 61508 – Part 2 – Functional safety of safety-related electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems

• HW requirements for E/E/PE safety-related systems

• IEC 61508 – Part 3 – Functional safety of safety-related electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems

• SW requirements for E/E/PE safety-related systems

• Reliability and safety analyses

• Reliability Prediction

• FMEA

• FTA

The course lessons are supplemented with practical exercise sessions.

The ISO 26262 standard

The standard 

The ISO 26262 is the adaptation of the IEC 61508 standard to meet the specific needs of E/E systems in road vehicles. This adaptation applies to all safety-related activities during the lifecycle of systems consisting of electrical, electronic, and software elements that provide safety-related functions.

With the increasing complexity, software content, and mechatronic implementation, the risks of system failures due to software also rise. The ISO 26262 standard includes guidelines to mitigate these risks by providing feasible requirements and processes.

The Course

A comprehensive and intensive three-day course provides participants with all the key functionalities of the standard, along with an overview of implementation techniques.

The course includes discussions on how to apply the rigor required by the standard to the development project while considering cost and time-to-market.

Duration

The nominal duration of the course is 3 days.

Target Audience

Software engineers (development and verification), quality engineers, configuration managers, test engineers, and project managers.

Methods and Media

Classroom presentations with PowerPoint slides.

Course Structure

Day 1

Introduction to ISO 26262

• History and status

• Legal implications

• Relation to IEC 61508, MISRA

Introduction to the Safety Lifecycle 26262

• Overview of the lifecycle

• Concepts and terminology

Introduction to lifecycle phases

Risk analysis in ISO 26262

• Definition and management of items 

• Hazard identification and safety goals 

• Automotive Safety Integrity Levels (ASIL)

• Practical issues in ASIL determination

Functional safety concept 

• Derivation of safety requirements

• Safety requirements hierarchy

• Safety architecture and ASIL allocation

Day 2

Functional safety at the system level

• Technical safety requirements and safety concept

• SW/HW subsystem allocation

• System validation

Production and operation 

• Production and operation planning

• Tools and test equipment

• Hardware/software assembly

• Field monitoring/user manual

Functional safety at the hardware level 

• Hardware development requirements

• Failure rate requirements

• Hardware component qualification

Metriche hardware 

• Hardware metrics

• ISO 26262 failure model details

• Hardware architecture metrics

• Probability of safety goal violation due to random failures (two methods)

Day 3

Development of safety-related software 

• Reference model for software development

• Full lifecycle V coverage

• Model-based development

• Software configuration and calibration

• Digital hardware

Support processes 

• Configuration/change management

• Software tool qualification

• ASIL decomposition principles

• Freedom from interference 

• Dependent failure analysis

Practical implementation of ISO 26262 

• Proven in-use 

• Out-of-context safety elements

• Distributed development

• Safety case

Functional Safety Management 

• Safety management and culture

• Concepts of independence

• Relationship with SPICE and other standards
• Implementation costs of ISO 26262

Le lezioni del corso sono integrate da sessioni di esercitazione.

The ISO/SAE 21434 standard

the standard 

SO/SAE 21434 is an international standard dedicated to cybersecurity in the automotive sector. Its goal is to ensure that cybersecurity risks are systematically managed throughout the entire lifecycle of road vehicles, from initial design to decommissioning.
The Course
A comprehensive 4-hour course providing participants with the main features of the standard, along with an overview of some implementation techniques.

Duration
The nominal duration of the course is 4 hours.

Target Audience
Software engineers (development and verification), quality engineers, configuration managers, test engineers, and project managers.

Methods and Media
Classroom presentations with PowerPoint slides.

Course Structure

• Purpose
• Normative references
• Terms and definitions
• Symbols and abbreviations
• Organizational cybersecurity management
• Project-dependent cybersecurity management
• Distributed cybersecurity activities
• Continuous cybersecurity activities
• Concept phase for cybersecurity
• Product development according to ISO/SAE 21434
• Production according to ISO/SAE 21434
• Cybersecurity incident response
• End of cybersecurity support
• Decommissioning according to ISO/SAE 21434
• Risk assessment using the Attack Potential-based method